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Old 08-31-2006, 06:58 AM
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bwilson4web bwilson4web is offline
Engineering first
 
Real Name: Bob
Location: Huntsville, AL
Hybrids: Prius Classic 03
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Default Re: 80mpg Mini with 640hp

Quote:
Originally Posted by Double-Trinity
I think this is going to be the natural progression of hybrids for this reason:

Engines tend to perform best right in the middle of their output -- not too low, not too high, without a lot of load changes. Smaller engines will generally be more efficient. Elecrtic motors tend to perform best at a small fraction of their peak output (reduced internal elecrtical resistance), so a much more powerful motor will generally be more efficient. Combine a high peak power motor with a small, efficient motor and you have supercar performance with hypermiler fuel economy. Unlike pure gasoline cars, having all that excess horsepower should actually help overall efficiency.

Parallel hybrid designs (both the engine and motors power the wheels) seem to be preferred right now as the engine power can be added to the elecrtic motor power, and under steady state cruising it's not necessary to transmit any power via electrics. The series hybrid designs will likely take up more space (motors big enough to power the car AND a generator AND and engine) as well, but the main reason we don't see them is probably cost (much more robust batteries/motors/elecrtonics will be needed).
Mostly I agree but would offer one other characteristic of electric motors, back EMF at higher RPMs. The faster an electric motor turns, the higher the back EMF which limits how much power can be applied to the wheels. There are fixes.

The voltage range feeding the motor can be increased, the Toyota HSD does this with a voltage doubler. The problem is the voltage can reach ranges that make dialectric breakdown a serious risk.

The second alternative is to switch the windings to go from series to parallel. This is the electronic equivalent of switching the gears. The next generation, rear wheel drive, Toyota Synergy Drive takes this approach with actual gears. Trying to switch windings with a permanent magnet rotor is a trickier problem.

A third alternative is timing that shifts the phase and frequency. However, I'm not sure this method is as effective as the authors claim.

Bob Wilson

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Last edited by bwilson4web; 08-31-2006 at 10:30 PM.
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