Sidewall max for me (44 PSI), I usually go a bit over, but it leaks back down
by the time I am ready to check pressure again.
Government studies (
www.nhtsa.gov) show that up to 35 PSI, pretty much everything but the ride gets better, FE, wet and dry handling/traction (this one is counterintuitive), reduced hydroplaning, tire wear, risk of blowout due to underinflation. Most of the differences were small however, so radical changes in PSI aren't going to make that big of a difference, but it sure is a decent argument for inflating to at least 35 or a bit higher, regardless of what manufacturer recommendations are (my sticker says 30, ick).
And when you get below 30 PSI, risk of catastrophic blowout begins to increase. By the time you hit the low to mid-20's you are in serious danger.
Above 35 PSI we can extrapolate that diminishing returns probably occur, and perhaps at some point the curve may inflect for a slight loss for some items, but people using very high tire pressures report nothing significant.
More useful tidbits are that a 10 degree change in temperature equals about 1 PSI increase. Tire engineers have admitted off the record that blowout pressures are two to three times the sidewall stamp, so a few PSI over is no big deal. Underinflation is a far greater danger.
Escaping the myth of reduced traction at high PSI was hard for me. I saw the numerical data, knew it was true, but I was still nervous driving around at 44-48 PSI.
It took someone cutting me off, forcing me to do a panic stop, and later realizing how nicely the car stopped for it to fully sink in.
The two things most noticeable to me when I increased PSI were:
o - hydroplaning was dramatically reduced.
o - the little bumps on freeways are a lot more noticeable.
I don't fear rain like I used to, but I fear concrete highways. :-)